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Article #167: Endangered Animals of Peru

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Animals are considered endangered when "osqhollo" by the Quechua. Factors
they are at risk of extinction, either contributing to its declining numbers may
because there are only a small number of include reduction of prey, harvesting of
them left, due to threats from changes to plants that their prey is dependent on,
their environment, shifting of predator and hunting by humans. The Yellow Tailed
to prey ratios, and other factors. Woolly Monkey, (Oreonax flavicauda), is a
Nations over the last 50 years have rare primate species found only in the
developed laws to protect species form Peruvian Andes. There are less than 250
becoming extinct; however few species of these monkeys left in the northern
actually get on these lists. Many become Peruvian cloud forests. They have thick
extinct without the attention or hair and long prehensile tails. They eat
protection of humans, though it is true fruits, leaves, flowers, and buds. Loss
that in probably all cases over the last of habitat due to destruction of forests
century, the machinations of humans have for agriculture and cattle-ranching has
caused the imbalances that have led to contributed to the critically endangered
the disappearance of thousands of animal status of these monkeys. The Amazon Pink
and plant species. Especially within the River Dolphin, (Inia Geoffrensis), known
last century and a half, species have as boutu by the inhabitants of the
been becoming extinct at a higher rate jungle, is classified as a vulnerable
than at any time in history. In the case species on the endangered species list.
of the Amazon Rainforest, which covers It is one of only five species of
parts of Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, freshwater dolphins in the world. It
Colombia, Bolivia and Brazil, the loss of inhabits muddy rivers, relying on
habitat created by farmers who cut down echolocation to hunt for prey. These
trees and burn whole tracts of jungle for dolphins may be pink or pale blue; they
cattle grazing and crop production, may are often albino. Factors threatening
result in unknowable consequences for the these unique animals include damming,
entire planet. The Amazon has been called building canals and diversion of river
the lungs of the planet, and its further courses. The Three-Toed Sloth (Bradypus
destruction could accelerate global Variegatus), the smaller member of the
warming, with devastating consequences sloth family, inhabits the Amazon
for humans and most of the species on rainforests of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia,
Earth. Some endangered species of Peru Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina. It is
are: The Andean Condor: (Vultur Gryphus) the slowest moving mammal on Earth, and
was put on the Endangered Species list in is physiologically incapable of keeping
1973 by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. its body temperature stable. In this way,
These majestic birds are found in the it resembles snakes and other reptiles.
Andes Mountains, and along the coast of It moves so slowly that algae grows on
Peru, Argentina, Ecuador, Chile, Colombia its fur, giving it an iridescent green
and Bolivia. Factors in their glow at night. It is only able to live in
endangerment include hunting, warm, humid environments. Because of the
deforestation, air pollution and food and encroachment of humans into their
water contamination, as well as reduction habitat, these creatures are potentially
in available food supply (declining endangered. The Marvelous Spatuletail
populations of prey). Their slow Hummingbird, (Colibrí Admirable), is a
reproductive rate is also a factor, as species of hummingbird that is found only
they lay eggs only every second year. in the jungles of Northern Peru. The
There is not yet an accurate census of species is unique because it has only
the numbers left, though there are four tail feathers, two of which end in
believed to be only a few thousand left spoon-shaped "spatules;" each of the two
in the wild The Amazonian Manatee, feathers resembling a spatula, with an
(Trichechus inunguis), is a freshwater elongated "handle" and the round
species of manatee, found throughout the "spatula" part at the end. The males use
northern Amazon River Basin and its their tails in a fascinating courtship
tributaries. It is the smallest of the display, during which they whirl their
three manatee species, and a few are tails and perform acrobatics to impress
found in Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. All females. They have been considered
manatees are entirely aquatic mammals endangered since 2000, and has been
that do not leave the water for the declared the "regional bird" for the
duration of their life cycle. They feed Amazon region of Peru. There are many
on plants and water vegetation, and are ways in which we can take steps to help
gentle, non-aggressive animals with our environment and endangered species,
flippers as forelimbs and no hind limbs; some of which can start right at home. We
rather they possess a flat, cylindrical can take simple steps to reduce the
shaped tail. Factors in their endangered amount of energy we consume, such as
status include hunting, drowning in washing our clothes in cold water and
fishing nets, and loss of food supply turning off lights when we leave a room.
resulting from deforestation. The Andean We can also join with and support
Cat, (Oreailurus jacobita) considered organizations who are actively involved
among the five most endangered cats in in helping the rainforest, such as Kuoda
the world, is considered critically Tours brings travelers to remote regions
endangered. It is found in the high of the Amazon where they can see the
regions of Peru, Argentina, Chile and rainforest firsthand and gain a greater
Bolivia, and is one of the shyest and understanding of this vital area and the
least known cats in existence. About the amazing diversity of species therein. We
size of a housecat, Andean Cats feed on have a variety of special interest and
several classes of mice, small birds and activities, including bird watching and
rodents. Along with the Pampas cat, jungle trekking.
(Oncifelis colocolo), it is known as






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