From Boneshaker to Bmx – the History of the Bicycle

Today’s modern bicycles are a far cry from ourwould just not do, so an adult version of the tricycle
earliest attempts at pedal power. In fact, what manywas invented in order for proper ladies to enjoy the
regard as the birth of the bicycle had no pedals at all.pleasures of riding through the parks and gardens
It was more of a wooden hobby horse on wheelswithout compromising their good reputations.
that the rider would straddle and push the machineLater, the Safety Bicycle was introduced. This was a
along with his legs. While it had no pedals, it did atredesigned version of the Penny Farthing that placed
least have steering. It was known as the ‘runningthe huge front wheel at the back of the bike and
machine’. Compared with today’s range ofthe small rear wheel in the front. This new design
bikes, it doesn’t sound much fun really!considerably reduced the risk of being flung over the
Later, another wooden beast would hit thehandlebars like a rag doll and ending up with a severe
fashionable cobblestone streets of Europe – theconcussion or permanent brain damage.
Boneshaker. The appropriately named BoneshakerBy the 1880s, the bicycle was going through further
had pedals, and was entirely made of wood, apartchanges. The pneumatic tire, the use of ball bearings
from the hard, metal wheels. Thankfully, for theand the spring seat made riding a much more
well-to-do riding public of Europe, the Boneshakercomfortable affair. It was during this time also that
would soon be superseded during the 1870s by themore practical designs incorporating two wheels of
far more comfortable, but far more dangerous,equal size were introduced, making riding a far safer
Penny Farthing.and enjoyable experience. The bicycle was fast
The Penny Farthing was easily distinguishable from allevolving into the modern machines we enjoy today.
bicycles that came before it by its huge front wheelIt was during the later part of the 20th century
and small rear wheel. It also, for the first time,however that the bicycle really started to develop. In
offered the relative comfort of hard rubber tires.1963 for example, Schwinn introduced a radical new
The size of the front wheel was so large becausebike called the Sting-Ray. The Sting-Ray borrowed
the larger the wheel, the more efficient the pedalling.much of its design features from the easyrider
While this allowed the well-heeled to hurtle recklesslymotorcycles and included high-rise handlebars, a
at speed about the streets, it was also the cause ofcomfy banana seat and a stick-shift. The Schwinn
many serious injuries. All that was needed was for aSting-Ray allowed its young riders to become far
stick to jam in the front wheel or a dog to runmore adventurous in their riding and it wasn’t
across the bicycle’s path and the hapless riderlong before wheelies, jumps and other tricks were
would be propelled over the handlebars and onto thebeing performed. The Schwinn Sting-Ray would soon
hard ground below, usually on his head. Helmets werelead to the development of the BMX and the rest, as
not a necessary accessory in those days!they say, is history!
For the ladies of the day, riding a Penny Farthing